Adaptive user interface for workflow-ERP systemMarcin Smereka, Grzegorz Kołaczek et al. · 2023In this paper, the problem of user interface recommendations for workflow management systems is investigated. The user interface is automatically adapted using a software tool based on content-based filtering. This tool collects information about the way processes are carried out in an organization, analyzes and processes the data, and recommends the next action to the user in order to increase efficiency, facilitate training, and improve decision-making. The proposed tool was verified in the real environment within three organizations. For each organization, after at least several weeks of learning, the tool was able to offer suggestions that were selected by real users. 2382 Marcin Smereka et al. / Procedia Computer Science 225 (2023) 2381–2391 The aim of the project carried out by Sente was to investigate the possibility of automatically analyzing user behavior in business software (especially ERP class) in order to automatically adapt the way processes are carried out to these behaviors using content-based filtering algorithms. A tool that would be able to collect information about the way processes are carried out in an organization, analyze and process the collected data and recommend the next action to the user could increase the efficiency of using the ERP system, and facilitate training and decision-making processes. 2. State of the art According to Kobsa [7], proper user model selection should be the starting point when designing the user inter- face. However, with the growing number of potential users, particularly in web-based systems, the differences among them are also increasing. Consequently, the user model is becoming more complex, resulting in a highly differentiated proposed user interface, such as in interaction styles. [14]. The user differences may reflex their demographical, psy- chological, sociological, and anthropological user characteristics, which have an influence on the users’ information needs, interaction habits, and potential limitations of the interaction systems usage. The consequence of these differ- ences is causing difficulties in modeling these users in the standard way [7], in a result more sophisticated solutions have been proposed, for example, one enhanced with the application of ontologies [12]. The ontologies may be used to enhance information systems design and development on at least several different levels, such as database integration, business logic, or Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) [8]. User interfaces have been also ado